Geothermal

What is Geothermal Energy?

Geothermal energy is heat generated from beneath the Earth's surface. In Illinois, ground temperatures remain around 50–55 degrees Fahrenheit throughout all seasons. In the winter, ground temperatures are warmer than the air around your property, and cooler in the summer when outside temperatures are higher. Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHP) can be used to circulate ground temperature into your property. This system reduces the energy used to heat or cool your property since it uses existing energy from the ground.

How It Works

Pipes are installed underground that circulate a water-based solution.  During winter months, this solution absorbs heat from the ground and releases it into your home. Alternately, the solution will take heat from your home and circulate it through the ground to release heat in the summer.

A geothermal system is composed of three parts, a heat pump located inside your home, a ground loop system, and a distribution system such as air ducts or hydronics that spread heated or cooled air throughout your home. There are several types of geothermal systems that you can use depending on the area around your home.

Types of Loops: Depending on your type of pump, soil, and land availability certain types of loop systems may be better for your property than others. It is best to have a professional assess your property to identify the best option.

Closed loop system: Horizontal

A horizontal loop is installed flat along the ground; it is dug 4-6 feet down and is best used when there is a lot of available land.  The area of the loop can range from 100-300 feet.                                                                                               

Horizontal Loop - Geothermal

Diagram credit: About Geothermal

Closed loop system: Pond Loop

A pond loop can be used when there is a large body of water nearby. Pipes are anchored at the bottom of the body of water to provide consistent temperatures. The body of water needs to be at least 8-10 feet to prevent freezing.                                              

Pond Loop - Geothermal

Diagram credit: About Geothermal

Closed loop system: Vertical

A vertical loop requires drilling down to 150 -200 feet; pipes are inserted straight down with a U-shaped pipe to form a loop. This is best used when there is less space.                                                          

                                                               Vertical Loop - Geothermal

Diagram credit: About Geothermal

Open loop system

An open loop system uses a discharge area such as a river, drainage ditch, field tile, stream, pond, or lake. It takes ground water through the heat pump then expels it out. Since the water isn’t recycled through, this option requires a large source of clean water.

Pond Loop - Geothermal

Diagram credit: About Geothermal

Local Geothermal Projects

Frequently Asked Questions and Additional Resources